2025, Vol. 7, Issue 6, Part B

Author(s): Nwene Estella Obukowho

Abstract: In presidential systems, the budget is an essential area in which the executive and legislature discuss and resolve matters of power. Although there is a lot of literature on budgeting in several African nations, there is a clear gap in research on the trends and theories affecting the budget-related debate between executives and legislators across different countries. Drawing on a systematic analysis of 42 peer-reviewed and grey literature sources, the study looked into how executive-legislative relations affect the way appropriations are handled in Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, and South Africa. Thematic synthesis of executive-legislative interactions in budget allocation in South Africa, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria exposes political bargains, institutional flaws, and persistent power conflicts. Although party domination is still an issue, South Africa has a more balanced structure than Nigeria and Kenya, where the government controls the budgeting process and frequently marginalises the legislative branch. Ghana's budgetary reforms have produced modest gains. The executive's discretionary authority to change budgets, which compromises legislative oversight, is a significant discovery. In order to strengthen patronage networks, lawmakers frequently utilise budgeting as a political instrument, exchanging support for projects that benefit their constituents. Due to its strong budget regulations, South Africa is a remarkable exception to the rule that institutional and legal weaknesses, such as inadequate parliamentary power and unclear legal mandates, impede smooth oversight. While cross-national studies reveal differences in civic involvement, timeliness, and committee empowerment, executive dominance and informal political influence are common to all. Practical recommendations to consider are strengthening legislative budget offices, enhancing civic oversight, and promoting fiscal transparency.

DOI: 10.33545/26646021.2025.v7.i6b.570

Pages: 101-115 | Views: 39 | Downloads: 8

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