2025, Vol. 7, Issue 12, Part E

Author(s): Prasanta Kumar Routray

Abstract: Transboundary river systems often reflect the broader political and strategic relationships among riparian states. The Brahmaputra River, originating in the Tibetan Plateau and flowing through India and Bangladesh, has emerged as a critical geopolitical and environmental concern in South Asia. In the context of India-China relations marked by strategic rivalry, unresolved boundary disputes, and limited institutional trust the governance of the Brahmaputra assumes heightened significance. This article examines how power asymmetries, upstream-downstream dynamics, and geopolitical considerations shape transboundary water politics between India and China. Drawing on the theoretical framework of hydro-politics and hydro-hegemony, the study adopts a qualitative and analytical methodology based on secondary literature, policy documents, and international water law principles. It argues that while alarmist narratives often predict a “water war,” the Brahmaputra dispute is better understood as a case of persistent water-related tensions embedded within broader strategic mistrust rather than an imminent military conflict. The absence of a comprehensive legal framework, limited data-sharing mechanisms, and increasing climate-induced uncertainties further complicate cooperative river governance. The article concludes that sustainable and equitable management of the Brahmaputra requires strengthened water diplomacy, basin-level institutional mechanisms, and confidence-building measures to ensure long-term regional stability and water security.

Pages: 379-381 | Views: 76 | Downloads: 9

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