Sectarianism and ethnic conflict in Iraq: Iran & Iraq Relations post 2003
Author(s): Jyotsana Mahor
Abstract: Sectarianism and ethnic conflict have been significant challenges for Iraq in the aftermath of the 2003 invasion. The fall of Saddam Hussein’s regime led to the dismantling of state structures, creating a power vacuum that amplified sectarian and ethnic divisions, particularly between the Sunni, Shia, and Kurdish populations. This fragmentation fuelled internal violence and contributed to the rise of extremist groups, such as ISIS. Iran’s role in Iraq became increasingly influential following the 2003 invasion, as it sought to expand its geopolitical influence in the region, particularly through its support for Shia militias and political factions. The relationship between Iraq and Iran post-2003 has been shaped by mutual interests, including shared religious ties and a common adversary in Sunni extremism, but also by the complex dynamics of Iraq’s internal divisions. This paper explores the intersection of sectarianism, ethnic conflict, and Iran’s involvement in Iraq, examining how Iranian influence has both exacerbated sectarian tensions and contributed to the country’s ongoing instability. The analysis provides insight into the broader implications for regional security and the future of Iraq as it navigates its post-Saddam identity amidst growing Iranian influence.
Jyotsana Mahor. Sectarianism and ethnic conflict in Iraq: Iran & Iraq Relations post 2003. Int J Political Sci Governance 2025;7(10):242-251. DOI: 10.33545/26646021.2025.v7.i10c.732
