India’s foreign policy from Panchsheel to Panchamrit: A new strategic ties with China
Author(s): Abhishek Naik, Prabhat Kishor Mahanand and Rejesh Kumar Karna
Abstract: India’s foreign policy has undergone a profound transformation from the normative idealism of Panchsheel to Panchamrit in the contemporary era. The Panchsheel Agreement between India and China, based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence, sought to institutionalize trust and mutual respect between two postcolonial Asian powers. The articulation of Panchamrit under Prime Minister Narendra Modi reflects a recalibrated doctrine emphasizing national security, economic growth, global responsibility, cultural pride, and strategic partnerships (SPMRF, 2022). The post-Cold War era, while economic engagement deepened and bilateral trade surged, strategic mistrust persisted, culminating in crises like the Doklam standoff and the Galwan Valley clashes (2020), which reshaped Indian perceptions of China (Council on Foreign Relations [CFR], 2023). Against the backdrop of China’s assertiveness and shifting global power structures, India’s evolving policy reflects a hybrid of deterrence and diversification of alliances. This article is mostly based on historical analysis and uses secondary data and Government documents. It shows that India’s trajectory from Panchsheel to Panchamrit demonstrates a pragmatic rebalancing of idealism and realism. It is a new strategic move of India towards the foreign policy to specially deal with China.
Abhishek Naik, Prabhat Kishor Mahanand, Rejesh Kumar Karna. India’s foreign policy from Panchsheel to Panchamrit: A new strategic ties with China. Int J Political Sci Governance 2025;7(10):216-220. DOI: 10.33545/26646021.2025.v7.i10c.725
